|
''L'avaro'' ("The Miser"), is an opera (''dramma giocoso'') in three acts composed by Pasquale Anfossi. The libretto by Giovanni Bertati is based on Molière's 17th-century comedy ''The Miser''. Considered one of Anfossi's best operas, it premiered at the Teatro San Moisè in Venice in the autumn season of 1775 and was subsequently performed throughout Italy and in other European cities.〔Anonymous (1961). ("Anfossi, Pasquale" ). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', Vol. 3. Treccani. Online version retrieved 17 December 2014 .〕〔Choron, Alexandre; Fayolle, François Joseph Marie (1810). ("Anfossi (Pascal)" ). ''Dictionnaire historique des musiciens artistes et amateurs, morts ou vivants'', Vol. 1, p. 20. Valade 〕 ==Background and performance history== Anfossi was a prolific composer. ''L'avaro'' was the 25th of his 70 or more operas and one of the three which he had composed for the 1775 season at Venice's Teatro San Moisè. His librettist Giovanni Bertati was equally prolific, having written at least 70 libretti in his lifetime, almost all of them in the ''dramma giocoso'' genre. The premiere production of ''L'avaro'' had sets designed by Domenico and Gerolamo Mauri and costumes by Giuseppe Tadio.〔Domenico and Gerolamo Mauri were cousins, members of a distinguished family of set designers who collaborated on numerous productions in Venetian theatres in the 17th and 18th centuries. See Casellato, Lucia (2008). ("Mauri" ). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', Vol. 72. Treccani. Online version retrieved 17 December 2014 .〕 The performance was accompanied by a ballet, ''La serenata interrotta, o sia Il triplice matrimonio'' ("The Serenade Interrupted, or The Triple Wedding") with music by Francesco Piombanti and choreography by Antoine Pitrot.〔 The opera proved to be one of Anfossi's most successful works and continued to be staged in its original Italian well into the 19th century. It was performed throughout Italy as well as in Germany, Austria, Denmark, Spain, Belgium, France, and England. The London premiere took place in 1783 at the King's Theatre where Anfossi had been engaged as the music director and was presented in a two-act version.〔Villanova University. Library record 807456: ("''L'avaro''; a new comic opera in two acts. As performed at the King's Theatre, in the Hay-Market. The music entirely new, by the celebrated Signor Anfossi" ). Retrieved 18 December 2014.〕 The opera was performed in Hanover and Bad Pyrmont in 1790 using a German translation of the libretto entitled ''Der Geizige oder Die Liebe ist sinnreich'' ("The Miser, or Love is Ingenious"). There was a French version entitled ''Le Tuteur avare'' ("The Miserly Tutor") with a very freely adapted libretto by Jean-Louis Gabiot and additional music composed by Giuseppe Maria Cambini. It premiered at the Théâtre des Beaujolais in Paris in 1787 and was later performed in Versailles and Lieges. Another freely adapted libretto, this time in Spanish and written by Luciano Comella, was used for performances in Madrid in 1796 under the title ''El avaro''.〔Loewenberg, Alfred (1978). (''Annals of Opera 1597-1940'' ) 3rd Edition, column 348. John Calder.〕 ''L'avaro'' in the original Italian has also been performed under a variety of other titles including: ''Il tesoro immaginario'' ("The Imaginary Treasure"), Brescia, 1779; ''Il sordo e l'avaro'' ("The Deaf Man and the Miser"), Brunswick, 1782; and ''I due avari'' ("The Two Misers"), Frankfurt, 1783.〔Libretti d'opera. (Notes to libretto 382: ''L'avaro'' ). Università degli Studi di Padova. Retrieved 17 December 2014 .〕 The alternative title, ''La fedeltà nell'angustie'' ("Fidelity Amidst Distress"), is sometimes listed for a performance in Florence in 1777 at the Teatro della Pergola, but later research indicates that it was more likely to have been a revival of Anfossi's ''La finta giardiniera''.〔Rice, John (September 1995). ("Book Review: ''Melodramma, spettacolo e musica nella Firenze dei Lorena'' and ''A Chronology of Music in the Florentine Theater, 1751-1800''" ). ''Notes'', Vol. 52, No. 1, p. 72. Retrieved via JSTOR 17 December 2014 .〕 The title on a manuscript score dated 1775 and held in the Saxon State and University Library Dresden is given as ''Il vecchio avaro'' ("The Old Miser"). Bertati's libretto for ''L'avaro'' was subsequently set by several other composers including Gennaro Astarita (1776, Teatro Bonacossi, Ferrara) and Ferdinando Orlandi (1801, Teatro Marsigli-Rossi, Bologna).〔Zanetti, Roberto (1978). ''La musica italiana nel Settecento'', Vol. 3, p. 1505. Bramante〕〔Fabbri, Paolo; Bertieri, Maria Chiara (2004). ''I teatri di Ferrara: il Comunale'', Vol. 2, p. 13. Libreria musicale italiana〕 A different libretto by Giuseppe Palomba, also titled ''L'avaro'' and likewise based on the Molière play, was set by Giacomo Cordella and premiered in 1814 at the Teatro de' Fiorentini, Naples.〔Libretti d'opera. (Notes to libretto 4621: ''L'avaro'' ). Università degli Studi di Padova. Retrieved 17 December 2014 .〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「L'avaro (Anfossi)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|